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Judicial SystemVERIFIED NEPAL LEGAL TERM
Jilla Adalat (जिल्ला अदालत)
English Equivalent:District Court
Definition Summary
"The primary court of first instance for civil and family disputes in Nepal."
Detailed Explanation
Nepal has 77 District Courts, one in each district. They have original jurisdiction over most civil disputes, including divorce and marriage registrations.
Legal Basis in Nepal Law
Constitution of Nepal, Article 148.
Practical Example
Kathmandu District Court (Jilla Adalat) handles the highest volume of court marriages in Nepal.
Civil Procedure and Court System in Nepal
Civil litigation, filing formats, summons serving, and enforcement of court decisions are governed by the Muluki Civil Procedure Code 2074 and the Administration of Justice Act 2073.
Key Statutory Rules:
- Plaint Filing (Firadpatra): A civil lawsuit begins with the filing of a formal plaint outlining the claims, facts, and legal basis.
- Summons Serving (Myad): The court issues a formal summons notice to the defendant, giving them a statutory deadline (usually 30 days) to submit a response.
- Response Filing (Pratiuttarpatra): The defendant must file their response answering each claim of the plaintiff, along with supporting documents.
- Court Mediation: For family disputes like divorce or property splits, the court is legally required to attempt mediation (Milapatra) before proceeding to trial.
Required Documentation:
- Formal Plaint or Petition document.
- Evidence checklist and witness declarations.
- Power of attorney (Wakalutnama) signed by the advocate.
- Court fee receipt based on the value of the claims.